We thank our discussant Kristina McElheran and seminar/conference participants at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and the NBER “AI and Economic Measurement” conference for helpful comments and suggestions. Kevin L. Bloodworth and Khanh Le provided excellent research assistance. The views in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the Federal Reserve System, or the National Bureau of Economic Research. This work was supported by the Walmart Foundation, the Harvard Business School AI Institute, and a joint grant from the Washington Center for Equitable Growth and the Russell Sage Foundation.